2023年8月12日雅思考题回顾

　　Part1:

　　这个部分每个题目需要大家答题20-25s的内容，说话一定要自然，切记生硬背诵答案。准备题目时，基本话题hometown, work or study, accommodation一定要熟练流利哦。对于其他的话题，一定要细节化处理降级。以bag为例，可以给出不同场合会背不同包型，从而展现更多的语言表达，例如具体包型backpack, shoulder bag, cross-body bag,bucket bag,saddle bag等，再说到一些特性时可以给出sturdy and roomy, lightweight and waterproof的具体形容词，以及match one’s outfits, show one’s sense of style等固定搭配。

　　Part2：

　　考试中这个部分有1分钟准备的时间，可以写出20-30个关键词，回答需要1:45-2:00的内容。这个季度50道话题，可以进行分类话题从而合并话题。以事件类话题为例，可以将自驾游，迷路，收到的错误信息等合并起来，建议使用story-telling structure的一波三折，通过时间顺序进行事件的描述，同时也需要进行主观感受的补充，将整个事件更丰富地展现给考官。

　　本次考试场景为四旧，整体难度偏难。

　　填空题具体答案如下：(仅供参考)

　　p1: 1. garden 2.beach3. roof4.talking 5.museum6.glass7. opera8. massage9. donkey 10.lamb

　　p2：11-15:

　　11. A. birds that are now endangered

　　12. B. need to come at least once a week

　　13. B. someone who is willing to work in any weather

　　14. A. international visitors

　　15.B.transport

　　16-20 地图

　　16.F. 地图左下角

　　17. H. 地图右下角，池塘南边

　　18. C.地图左边，靠近station

　　19. E. 地图右边，池塘东边

　　20.B. 地图左上角，池塘南边

　　p3：未知

　　21-26：

　　21.C.relevant information about their research topics

　　22.C.take part of old shoes

　　23.B.foot movement

　　24.B.almost all work of the summary

　　25.C.answer the questions left by their professor

　　26.A.where to borrow equipment

　　27-30

　　27.F.write in the last part

　　28.D.change to other part

　　29.E.in simple language

　　30.C.give an example、more details

　　p4:

　　31.essays

　　32. originality

　　33.silence

　　34.nature

　　35.pioneer

　　36. volcano

　　37. friend

　　38. thunder

　　39.metal

　　40.structure

　　点评：本场考试整体难度略大，填到了好几个比较冷门的词汇。整场听力考试中考试题型中规中矩，没有出现选择题出现在1、4部分的情况，在这里也建议大家在平时要多关注每周的考情回顾，对自己报考的场次可能出现的题型有一个大致的了解，以防考到不熟悉的题型。其中part3应该算是整场考试中偏难部分，不少同学反应来不及读题，在这里建议大家在平时练习时要对选择题部分的读题速度进行针对性练习，给自己掐表进行计时训练，稳步提升读题速度。Part4部分填到了好几个比较难的词比如originality、pioneer、thunder等，所以听力第四部分的难点词汇一定要背熟。参考剑桥练习：剑13Test1S4，剑9Test2Section1，剑14Test3S2等。

　　参考剑桥练习：剑10Test1S4，剑8Test1Section2，剑8Test4S4等

　　备注：在接下来的备考中，选择题(尤其是单选和配对)仍然是重中之重，同时加强多留意多选题的练习。考生们可以选取剑桥真题的类似组合着重训练，记得多总结以及同义替换的积累。在练习听力的过程中，由于p3/4的难度有所提升，注意适当提高语速，平时练习时可加至1.25倍速练习。基础信息题部分强调对数字练习的听写练习，注意连读/吞音等特殊发音现象。

　　1.本场考试的难度正常。

　　2. 整体分析：涉及社会科学类(P1)、社会科学类(P2)、文学评论类(P3)

　　本次考试考察2篇旧题，从题型组合来看非常常规。第一篇考察某部落人与现代人睡眠习惯的不同，题型是常见的判断题+填空题。第二篇讨论面部表情(facial expressions)，考察段落信息配对+特殊词配对题+填空题。第三篇有关书评的文章较难，阅读比较晦涩，耗时较长。需要注意考试的3篇文章难度并不一定是递进的，建议考生拿到试卷先浏览一下全文，调整自己的做题顺序，从简单的文章做起。

　　3. 部分答案及参考文章：

　　Passage 1：睡眠的区别

　　题型：判断题 +填空题

　　参考答案如下：

　　1.TRUE

　　2.NOT GIVEN

　　3.FALSE

　　4.TRUE

　　5.energy

　　6.summer

　　7.short

　　8.fires

　　9.sunrises

　　10.temperature

　　11.sleeplessness

　　12.overweight

　　13.hearts

　　Passage 2：面部表情

　　题型：段落信息配对+特殊词配对题+填空题

　　参考文章如下：

　　A Facial expressions are a form of non-verbal communication, which make up a large part of our daily communication. By facial movements, we can suggest volumes of information without ‘speaking any words’. They are a primary means of conveying social information among humans but are also found in most other mammals and a few other animal species. Facial expressions and their significance in the perceiver can, to some extent, vary between cultures with evidence from descriptions in the works of Charles Darwin. Understanding facial impressions is of great importance, and also, some essential elements should be taken into account when people interpret the impressions.

　　B Facial expressions are closely tied to emotions. Expressions are configurations of different small muscle movements in the face that show an individual’s discrete emotional states and a vast amount of cognitive information. A number of studies have proved that facial expressions are viewed as one of the best measures of emotional response. Sometimes words do not necessarily coincide with emotions, but the face might betray a person’s actual feelings. At the same time, the close link between emotions and expressions can also work in the other direction; it has been observed that voluntarily assuming an expression can actually cause the associated emotion.

　　C Some expressions like anger and extreme contentment can be accurately comprehended even between members of different species. Others, however, are hard to interpret even in familiar individuals. For instance, disgust and fear can be tough to distinguish. Because faces have only a limited range of movements, expressions rely upon fairly slight differences in the proportions and relative positions of facial features, and reading them requires considerable sensitivity to some. Meanwhile, one’s life experiences, beliefs and conceptual knowledge will have an influence on how he deciphers the facial expressions.

　　D Also, a person’s eyes reveal much about how they are feeling or what they are thinking. Research by Boston College professor Joe Tecce suggests that stress levels are reflected by blink rates. He supports his findings with statistics on the relation between the blink rates of presidential candidates and their success in their races. Tecce claims that the faster blinker in the presidential debates has lost every election since 1980, which seems interesting. However, it is important to recognise that non-verbal communication is multi-channelled, and focusing on only one aspect is biased. Nervousness can also be measured by examining each candidate’s perspiration, eye contact and stiffness.

　　E As Charles Darwin, the first person who pointed out that the facial expressions of particular emotions were universal, noted in his book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals: ‘The young and the old of widely different races, both with man and animals, express the same state of mind by the same muscle movement.’ Still, up to the mid-20th century, most anthropologists believed that facial expressions were entirely learned and could therefore differ among cultures. Studies conducted in the 1960s by Paul Ekman eventually supported Darwin’s belief to a large degree.

　　F Ekman’s opinion, which was contrary to that of some anthropologists including Margaret Mead, showed that facial expressions of emotions are not culturally determined but universal across human cultures. During the period between 1967 and 1968, Dr. Ekman travelled to Papua New Guinea to investigate the non-verbal communication behaviours of the South Fore people. If the South Fore tribe, a remote and primitive one, could interpret the facial expressions as their western counterparts, we would gain significant evidence of the universality of facial expressions. Subjects, including 189 adults and 130 children from a very isolated population, as well as 23 members who lived in a less-isolated lifestyle, were shown three pictures (two for children) of facial expressions and then asked to match those pictures to three different scenarios that described particular emotions.

　　G It was discovered that the isolated South Fore people could identify emotions with the same accuracy as the less-isolated control group, but the study displayed some problems including the fact that both fear and surprise are constantly misidentified. He also drew a conclusion that certain facial expressions correspond to particular emotions and cannot be covered, no matter what the cultural background is, and regardless of whether or not the culture has been isolated or exposed to the mainstream.

　　H Expressions Ekman found to be generally recognised included those indicating anger, disgust, fear, joy, sadness and surprise (note that none of these emotions has a definitive social component, such as shame, pride or Schadenfreude). Findings on contempt (which is social), an expression which can occur with or without a hint of small muscle motions, are less clear, though there is at least some preliminary evidence that this emotion and its expression are universal. This may suggest that the facial expressions are largely related to the mind, with each part of the face expressing a particular emotion.

　　Passage 3：有关味觉的书评

　　题型：单选题+判断题+句子完成配对题

　　参考答案如下：

　　27.A

　　28.B

　　29.D

　　30.A

　　31.A

　　32.C

　　33.YES

　　34.NO

　　35.YES

　　36.NOT GIVEN

　　37.C

　　38.E

　　39.A

　　40.F

　　具体文章待确认

　　1.本次考试 难度中等

　　2.整体分析：

　　Task 1: 地图

　　注意：

　　1、本次小作文难度中等，考的是博物馆从1998年到2008年的变化，是动态地图;

　　2、地图题考试频率较低，考生应重点关注地图中建筑变化方位特征，也需要附带描述其他特征如面积变化，个数变化等。动态地图题一般一张图用一个细节段描述，第一张图描述建筑方位位置而第二张图重点描述与图1之间发生的改变;

　　3、该地图一共两张图，总结段概括两个地图变化总体特征以及显著变化点。该地图题整体建筑较多，因此需要思考选用合适的空间顺序展开描述，同时不要忘记要使用连接词展现建筑变化的逻辑关系。

　　重点表达：静态方位特征、动态变化词、逻辑连接词

　　3.Task 2 ：犯罪类话题

　　题目翻译：犯了重罪的年轻人应该和成年人受到同样方式的惩罚。你在多大程度上同意或不同意?

　　从话题上来说，这属于犯罪类话题。犯罪类话题最近考试频率较高，但整体难度不大。犯罪类常常与其他话题如教育类、社会类结合在一起，因此可思考角度较多。考生要注意多积累犯罪相关思路和表达;

　　从类型上来说，这篇考题属于辩论类议论文。在审题时，同学们要划出关键词“young people”、“serious crimes”、“same way”和“adults”，在分析关键词思路时要注意题干是将犯重罪的年轻人与成年人作比较，惩罚方式是否应该相同是这道题立场选择的关键点。同学们可以从年轻人和成人的不同特征角度思考;

　　从结构上来说，可以采取4段式的写法。此题可选单边(完全同意)立场，在主体段第一段论述题干观点的不合理性，在第二段阐述反对题干观点的合理性并反驳，在结尾段重申立场。

　　第二段：同等对待方式能够尽快帮助年轻人改邪归正(rehumanize)。高危害性犯罪行为会造成较严重后果，会给受害人人身或财产安全造成损害甚至会造成社会恐慌，给社会带来恶劣影响(It will cause damage to the victims’ personal or property safety and even cause social panic and bring bad effects to the society)。同等惩罚方式能够让年轻人意识到自己犯罪行为带来的严重后果，有助于其改变自身行为和思想，避免未来再次犯罪。如果区别对待犯罪的年轻人和成年人(treat young people who commit crimes differently from adults)，不仅对于受害者是不公平的，而且容易让青少年产生侥幸心理(fluke mind)，认为即使犯罪也不会产生不良后果，会助长其犯罪心理，给社会安全带来潜在威胁;

　　第三段：有些人认为区别对待犯罪年轻人是因为他们年龄较小，心智不成熟。对他们实行较轻的处罚方式能够保护他们的心理健康。比如，很多犯罪年轻人都被判决社区矫正等处罚方式而不是关进监狱，这能够帮助他们更快的融入社会(For example, many young offenders are given sentences such as community corrections rather than prison, which can help them integrate into society more quickly)。但是，法律面前人人平等。同等对待是法律的公平性的重要体现，能够让社会公众对法律产生敬畏之心，而区别对待会减少法律的公信力(discrimination reduces the credibility of the law)。另外，无论是年轻人还是思想成熟的成年人，只要犯严重罪行都说明他们思想存在问题，对于社会都是巨大威胁。他们需要接受更强有力的惩罚措施如有期徒刑来帮助他们转变思想，以后对社会发展做出贡献(They need to accept stronger punishments such as prison terms to help them change their minds and contribute to social development in the future);

　　第四段：重申立场：犯重罪年轻人应当受到与成年人同等待遇。